بررسی تأثیر تکتونیک در ویژگی‌های کمّی شبکه‌های زهکشی (مطالعه موردی:حوضه‌های بار، بقیع و قلعه میدان در دامنه جنوبی رشته‌کوه بینالود)

نویسندگان

دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری

چکیده

رودخانه‌ها و شبکه زهکشی ازجمله مهم‌ترین عوارضی هستند که نسبت به تغییرات زمین ساختی بسیار حساس می‌باشند.  در این پژوهش ، جهت بررسی تأثیر تکتونیک  فعال بر مورفومتری  شبکه‌های زهکشی ،ابتدا 4حوضه بار ( دو زیر حوضه با عنوان فاز 1 و فاز 2) ، بقیع و قلعه میدان  در رشته‌کوه بینالود در استان خراسان رضوی انتخاب شد. سپس شاخص‌های ناهنجاری سلسله مراتبی(aΔ) ، تراکم ناهنجاری سلسله مراتبی (ga ) ،پارامترهای  شاخص انشعابات(R)، نسبت شکل حوضه (BS) ، نسبت طول آبراهه اصلی به متوسط عرض حوضه(LSBW)در آن موردمحاسبه قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که رابطه مستقیمی  بین aΔو BS، aΔو LSBW و رابطه غیرمستقیمی بین، agوaΔ، agوBS ، gaوLSBW ، agوRوجود دارد. ضریب همبستگی بین زوج‌هایSΒ- aΔ، R-aΔ، BWLS-aΔ، ga-R، ga، BWLS–ga به ترتیب 843/0 ، 606/0 906/0، 482/0-542/0-، ΒS550/0 به‌دست‌آمده است. همچنین نتایج محاسبات نشان می‌دهد که بین شاخص انشعابات (R ) و دیگر پارامترها همبستگی مطلوبی وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Tectonic features little effect on drainage networks (Case Study: Basins Bar, Baqi and ghaleh meidan at southern slopes of mountains Binalu

چکیده [English]

Introduction:
 
During the long yearsand scale geo-life of internal morphogenesis processes, large areas of the planet have extensive changes. Iran's Land of as part of the Alps-Himalayas is that tectonically active zone of tectonic and seismic tectonic  have special features (Zargarzadeh et al., 1388: 1). Therefore, evaluation of tectonic activity and its effects on regional development and land use planning and environmental management is very important. Because of these experiments will not be responsible for evaluating these activities, It seems necessary to quantify the behavior of tectonic movements. Quantitative measurements and numerical gives the opportunity sgeomorphologist to have real and tangible to evaluate and compare different landforms. (Gourabi and Nohegar, 177: 1386, Gholami, 3: 1389).
 Field research, laboratory and numerical models show that the difference in the style of deformation and uplift of the bedrock, causing will be disturbanceinDrainage network. (Ribolini, A., Spagnolo, 253: 2008). Rivers are the earliest forms of environmental  that react immediately to changes or changes in stream bed along the stream bed. the importance of Morphotectonic studies achieving results is often not possible through other methods to achieve themOr requires time and spending too much. For this purpose during the morphotectonic studies used indicators that can help in achieving the final result to be given to research. The effect of tectonic features Quantitative in drainage in four catchmentIncluding Bar (phases 1 and 2), Baqi and Ghaleh meidan at the South slopes of mountains Binalud in northeastern Iran were studied. Where in addition to indicators such as: aΔ, ga، R, Of the indicatorssuch as the shape of the basin (SΒ) and index WLSB (the ratio of the average width along the main river basin) have also been used.
 
materials and methods:
In this research in order to identify the effects of tectonic features Quantitative on drainage networks, Choose the four basin in the southern slopes of the mountains Binalud located in Razavi Khorasan province in Northeastern Political Range. Then, using topographic maps of 1: 50,000 Geographical Organization, were determined Boundarybasins.Digital maps required in GIS software and parameters needed in the index was calculated.It also aims to create maps of tectonic and geological maps of 1: 100,000 Geological Survey were used.Finally, correlation coefficient and regression analysis using statistical and graphical Exel was done.
 
Discussion:
To investigate the role of tectonic features Quantitative in drainage basins after the electionof basins,was calculated indicators such as hierarchical anomaly index, density anomaly, hierarchical, branching, and the length of the main stream basin to basin wide average.The values above∆ a shown are areas of active tectonics.The highest∆ a values in the studied area of the basin (2) (56/1) and the lowest∆ a  amount of the basin (3) (83/0) is.Most of ga respectively basins (4) (24/48), 2 (79/10), 1 (05/10) and 3 (8) is.Index large amounts BS, elongated and high tectonic activity and values its small circular basin and areas to show deactivated.Mentioned indices inbasin 1 the  most  (18/2)  and basin (4) (68/0) shows the lowest tectonic activity.Index  of SLBW is the main channel length to the average width of the basin.The highest values of these indicators in the area of study of the basin (1) (79/6), and the lowest values of this index is for the basin (4) (297/0).Which respectively have the highest and lowest tectonic activity.The correlation coefficient and coefficient of determination between the various parameters and linear relationship were drawn.Accordingly we can say that there is thedirect relationship between the LSBW, BS and indirect relationship between the ga, R there.
 
Conclusion:
Results obtained from the indexs reflects the high sensitivity of these basins Against tectonic forces .Accordingly we can say that the overall results of all indicators show that the basin (1) (Baqi) had the most active tectonic and then basin (2) Bar  phase 2) is placed.Two other basins in the next stage and appear less tectonic activity.Considering  with the results of the studies, it is necessary to do any development planning, land use and environmental management were based on the maps hazard results.While avoiding any risky practices in order to optimize the use of natural resources and reduce the adverse effects of any planning step.While in many countries around the world because of the weakness databases reliable and cost of field and laboratory techniques, methods and empirical indicators can help identify areas of passive and active tectonic experts and planners in environmental planning and development area to use.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • morphometry
  • Tectonics
  • drainage hierarchical anomaly index tributary